Ship/Sink

Jobs to Be Done
Framework

Understand customer needs through jobs.

Overview

JTBD views products as "hired" by customers to do specific "jobs" in their lives. Focus on functional, emotional, and social dimensions of why customers use solutions.

Why It Matters

Shifts thinking from features to customer struggles, leading to better innovation and market fit.

Key Components

  • Functional Job: The core task
  • Emotional Job: How user wants to feel
  • Social Job: How user wants to be perceived
  • Struggles: Pains with current solutions

How to Apply

Interview customers about purchase moments; map jobs hierarchy; identify underserved jobs; ideate solutions.

Examples

  • Milkshake as morning commute companion (Clayton Christensen)
  • Airbnb solving "feel at home while traveling"
  • Slack addressing team communication frustrations

Pros/Cons and Pitfalls

Pros: Deep customer insights leading to innovative solutions. Cons: Requires extensive qualitative research. Pitfalls: Misinterpreting jobs as features; overlooking emotional aspects.

Variations/Adaptations

Outcome-Driven Innovation (ODI) by Tony Ulwick, which quantifies JTBD.

Related Tools

SWOT Framework

Source

Developed by Clayton Christensen and popularized in "Competing Against Luck".

Interactive Framework Tool

Interactive JTBD Prioritizer

Add jobs with Importance (1-10), Satisfaction (1-10). Click Prioritize to see list and bubble chart (size: opportunity, x: importance, y: satisfaction gap).

Job Description Importance (1-10) Current Satisfaction (1-10)

Prioritized Jobs (Opportunity Score)